10th death Anniversary – June 22: Mervyn de Silva and the Lankan condition
by Dayan Jayatilleka
Father’s Day this year falls on the eve of the tenth anniversary of the death of my father, Mervyn de Silva, journalist and editor, literary critic and satirist, broadcaster and commentator on world affairs, or as Godfrey Gunatilleke put it in a sixth anniversary revaluation, “literary critic, intellectual, political analyst and media communicator all in one”. The founder editor of the Editor’s Guild of Sri Lanka, the award instituted in his name by the industry is the pinnacle prize of the annual Journalism Awards ceremony.
My first memory of anything was the perspective from the playpen, of my father alone at the dining table, in trousers and vest, typing, while my maternal grandmother watches us with a smile. My last memory of him was seeing him die, through a glass door, clearly, at the intensive care unit of a Colombo hospital. Hours or days later I walked back into his study and saw his typewriter, stubbed out cigars, well thumbed volumes of Walter Lippmann and I.F. Stone, the empty chair. “Aren’t you going to write anything on your father for the anniversary? Why not say how he might have viewed this time, after the war?” suggested Sanja, my wife, gently. So here I am ten years after and ten thousand miles away, typing.
He died just before he turned seventy and the world moved into the new century, millennium and (perhaps) paradigm. Had he been alive he would have welcomed Barack Obama at least as enthusiastically as he did JFK. What would he have said about the moment that Sri Lanka has arrived at today? Is it possible for us to extrapolate what his insights might have been from a recollection of what he wrote and said?
Mervyn would have written about the war, its aftermath and future prospects; the Rajapakse presidency; Tamil politics; the serious challenge to Sri Lanka’s external relations; the erosion or squandering of her “soft power” resources; and the structure of the international information order as revealed by the coverage of the closing stages of the conflict.
He described himself as a liberal and a humanist. He was both these things but not of a sort that shied away from the subject of warfare. He would have been a shrewd observer of the epic endgame of the Eelam wars. He would have done so with no trace of enthusiasm for either side but empathy for both, as would a literary critic with a grasp of tragedy or a masterful cricket commentator like John Arlott. Though his early columns such -- as the series of exposes on his boarding school -- were cathartic and savagely satirical, in his mature middle years Mervyn (unlike his son) kept his passions restricted to the precincts of his private life and outside the boundaries of his published writing. As Neelan Tiruchelvam told me, someone who did not know Mervyn could read his writings without once guessing which ethnicity, nationality or religion he belonged to. That is the objectivity, maturity of attitude and consummate journalistic professionalism he would have brought to bear on his comments on the Rise and Fall of Prabhakaran and the Tamil Tigers.
Mervyn de Silva would however had little patience for Colombo’s critics of the Rajapakse administration. It was Prof Michael Roberts who resurrected his three part defense in the Ceylon Observer in 1967 of the SWRD surge of 1956 and its successor project of a broad united front of the centre–left (which crystallized the next year at Bogambara with the inclusion of the Communist party). That essay contained a relentless critique of the effete “aesthetic” aversion of the attitudinally almost indistinguishable Westernized Right and orthodox Left, to the stirrings of the Sinhala rural masses couched as they were in cultural and linguistic terms. My support for President Rajapakse flowed directly from the influence of my father. As I told him in the days he became the Leader of the Opposition, at a party at Galle Face Courts hosted by a young journalist Farah Mihlar (now a London based, occasional Guardian blogger) at which Gen Sanath Karunaratne was also present, I would support him fully, not least because I had no emotional option but to do so since I knew that was what my father would have wanted. When Mervyn died many politicians had paid their respects, beginning with Mr. Thondaman Sr, but three had actually committed their appreciation to print that year: Sarath Amunugama, MHM Ashraff and Mahinda Rajapakse. The Rajapakse article appeared in the Daily News and recalled his presence as youthful observer at political discussions between Mervyn and his uncles George and Lakshman Rajapakse, Mervyn’s friends and class mates. He also recounted Mervyn’s and his convergence in solidarity with Palestine and the PLO.
As his support for SWRD Bandaranaike, which extended to Sirima Bandaranaike, and his open uncritical sympathy for Premadasa (long before my own association with the latter, whom I first met in our Ward Place flat when I was a school-kid) demonstrated, Mervyn endorsed and supported political leaders of both mainstream democratic parties who were left of centre or progressive, in twin terms of sensitivity to mass aspirations and the cause of the Third World. In this he was hardly alone, though there were only a clutch of Westernized Colombo based Sri Lankans with an elite liberal education, to do so. Most either supported the UNP or the Trotskyist LSSP. Supportive of the SLFP and broad center-left coalitions, he nonetheless mourned the absence of a policy elite and coherent moderate ideology for the SLFP. The UNP and Left had their ideology and intellectuals, but he observed that the centrist SLFP did not – a failure which made it permanent prey to pressure groups of one or other illiberal persuasion.
What made Mervyn rare within the liberal or progressive intelligentsia, was that he was highly sensitive to both radical Sinhala youth aspirations and Tamil and other minority sentiments and aspirations. What made him unique was that while he was prophetic about youth rebellion and strongly sympathetic to the radicalism of the university educated rural Sinhala youth, (“an angry young tiger at the gates”, was the poetically allusive concluding line of a 1969 Royal College lecture turned title of a Ceylon Observer series) he always kept his balance, scorning those Westernized fellow travelers of the JVP as seeking to regain their lost romantic youth, and dismissing as “grotesque”, the description of post-1971 Ceylon by Amnesty International’s Lord Avebury in the Guardian (London) as “an Island Behind Bars”.
Unique also was his combination of the defense of popular peasant based nationalism and the sovereign state in Sri Lanka and the Third World, with an explicit warning in his important Daily News debate of November 1972 with Regi Siriwardena, of the dangers of disregarding or derogating that of universal value within the Western literary and artistic canon, in a striving for greater grounding and relevance. Thus he balanced an understanding and appreciation of majority nationalism in Sri Lanka with a warning against too far a swing of the pendulum. For Mervyn de Silva, the universality of the human condition was the higher value and loyalty.
Perhaps the most striking evidence of his unique voice was that he sounded the alarm and implicitly took a stand on the Tamil question long before others, and after the Old Left, strident in its cautionary notes of the 1950s, had ironically been in the very vanguard of generating Tamil secessionism and youth militancy through its fashioning of the 1972 Constitution which it regarded as crowning achievement and acme of progressivism. Mervyn’s explicit early warning (and it wasn’t his first) came in a Ceylon Daily News editorial of July 1st 1972, titled “What's up in the North?”, several weeks after the new Constitution was promulgated ignoring the six point letter sent to the framers and fathers by Mr. Chelvanayagam and the Tamil parliamentary leadership, and Prabhakaran had picked up the gun, commencing a cycle of carnage that lasted close to four decades. Here are some salient extracts:
“…The emergence, however hesitant or faint, of a militant youth group in the peninsula is a phenomenon about which we have written before. If the observation is correct, it is a factor of enormous significance - especially to the government. It is tempting these days to make a fetish of youth movements and youth politics. In Lanka, the temptation is almost irresistible after last year's holocaust. In any case, this is not only a young nation but a country of young people, as the relevant statistics prove.
The frustrations of the educated young Tamil at a time when even science graduates cannot find suitable jobs do not require much explication. The fact that these frustrations are universal and that they are shared by his Sinhala counterpart does not make the Tamil youth's psychological load lighter. And if he feels, in fact, that the educational system and system of recruitment to the public sector have been deliberately contrived to reduce his chances, he has more reason for anger. An anger that reaches the limits of tolerance makes inflammable material for a certain kind of politics.
…A movement of militant youth rooted in the soil of Jaffna and nourished by material frustration, a feeling of humiliation and bitterness could be another kettle of fish.”
This 1972 editorial tells me very clearly that while Mervyn would have warmly supported President Rajapakse, brushed aside his cosmopolitan and Western critics with some measure of derision, and dispassionately recorded the dramatic fall and destruction of Prabhakaran with his tragic flaws of hubris and cruelty which consumed Mervyn’s friends and acquaintances A. Amirthalingam, Lakshman Kadirgamar, Neelan Tiruchelvam, and Shri Rajiv Gandhi, he would be posing today the question of the Tamil condition as key to the Sri Lankan condition and prospect.
In 1984 Mervyn committed his Lanka Guardian to a venture in partnership with the South Asia Perspectives Project of the United Nations University, which brought together some of Sri Lanka’s finest minds in a search for a solution. The document that resulted, if implemented, would have pre-empted the externally propelled Indo-Lanka Accord of 1987. Exactly a quarter century later, its platform of broad provincial autonomy remains valid and yet dormant and only partially fulfilled.
To what extent do the causes and condition of collective Tamil angst and alienation illumined in his 1972 editorial remain, after over three and a half decades of armed conflict? How will these be addressed, who by, and when? Mervyn had the knowledge and lucidity not to confuse war with the issue of ethnic identity. Unlike many affluent Tamil friends who sympathized with the Tigers, Mervyn’s knowledge of history would tell him that war, whatever its character and content, if fought relentlessly to its conclusion, has winners and losers; that the “rejectionist” type of terrorist or insurgent movement – such as one which could blow up Rajiv Gandhi and Neelan Tiruchelvam--make negotiated settlement impossible; and that if such a movement wagers all or nothing and loses, it ends up with nothing. He would know that history does not repeat itself in simple cyclical terms and that the threat of a renewal of insurgent or terrorist violence would hold no fears for a first rate, formidable and ferociously successful Sri Lankan military which has destroyed a world class irregular armed force on the latter’s own terrain, just as he knew that no guerrilla or conventional war by any combination of actors could militarily defeat the Israeli Defense Forces within its ’67 borders (as distinct from Lebanon, another country).
At the same time Mervyn would stress that the issue of the alienation of the Tamil people and the complex challenge of accommodating Tamil ethnic identity within the Sri Lankan state and society, reconciling it with historic Sinhala fears and ancient memories, emphatically do not lend themselves to a military or militaristic solution. In his travels through the Middle East, Mervyn saw (and I was there with him) how the scintillating Israeli military victories of 1967 and to a lesser extent 1973 (Sharon’s counter attack) turned into an endless quagmire because of the policies of permanent displacement, settler-colonization of the lands of the displaced and the refugees, increasingly fundamentalist religiosity, annexation masquerading as antiquarian archeological exploration, and harsh military occupation with its myriad daily humiliations and lacerating lived experience.
The widely traveled and enormously literate Mervyn was an admirer of both the American social experiment of melting pot, meritocracy and individual opportunity as well as of Russian and Chinese ethnic regional autonomy, neither of which have been adopted or adapted by Sri Lanka. His understanding of strategy was sufficiently broad and multifaceted to spur a sustained critique of Lalith Athulathmudali’s narrower National Security/“Total Defense” mindset, and the Lalith-Mervyn debate of 1984 (at the YMCA forum I think) was a precursor of the recent American debate on security between the neoconservative Bush-Cheney camp and the liberal Realists including Joseph Nye and Barack Obama. In his last years Mervyn supplemented Henry Kissinger and (Russia’s) Georgy Arbatov as staples of intellectual inspiration, with increasing references in his columns to Prof Joe Nye. Mervyn would have cautioned that designing the postwar order in Sri Lanka through purely or primarily National Security lenses, and worse still, attempting to impose Sinhala over-lordship on the overwhelmingly Tamil North, would erode Sri Lanka’s standing and legitimacy even among its neighbors, undermine the national interest and de-stabilize national security itself. Had he been around long enough, it would have been typically Mervyn-ish to write, perhaps as columnist Kautilya in the Island, that Sri Lanka’s problem is not an ancient, pervasive Sinhala Buddhism, but an obsolescent, lingering SINHALA BUSHISM.
(These are the purely personal views of the writer)



15 Comments
How did you end up with Jayatilleka as your last name if De Silva was your father's last name?
Hello Dayan,
Excellent article.Mervyn de Silva was a great man and a wonderful writer.Lanka Guardian was an outstanding publication.
I only wonder as to why you would not use your full surname (Dayan Jayatilleka) de Silva?Are you worried that the high caste sinhala ruling class will discriminate against you?Will it ever be possible for a de Silva to become the President of your country?It was a pity that C.P de Silva was denied the prime minister's post only because he was a de Silva.Happy fathers day.Siva
To Prasad and Siva - why do you feel the need to comment on the author's surname? Is this really necessary. Perhaps it is a personal family matter?
Interesting piece of trivia to the two of you gentleman.. Did you know Nicolas Cage, the actors real surname? It is 'Coppola'. Mr Cage did not want to trade on his famous family to open doors for him. Perhaps it is the same in this case.
Or perhaps it was even the decision by a young man who was aware of the colossus of a man that his father was and thought at the time he could not live up to (which incidentally Mr Jayatileka has done by and far and personally I would say has surpassed in many ways) and chose to have some separation and beat his own path? Either way it is not the business of you, nor I.
All I can see is a son who has lived up to his fathers ideals, making a tribute to a great father on fathers day/death anniversary.
So please show some respect and consideration.
Dear Prasad and Siva,
My paternal grandfather's surname was de Silva Jayatilleka but he used de Silva ( possibly because of the colonial context). My father and his siblings used only the De silva surname. However my cousins and I have the de silva Jayatilleka surnames. Mine is in my birth certificate, passport, graduation certificates and my school Prize day reports, but not in use because it was abbreviated in school for convenience, hence Dayan Jayatilleka.
And no, caste had nothing to do with it. As my patronymic ( or "ge" name as they call it) Ahangama Vithanage shows, my father belonged to the so-called Goigama caste and the family roots go back to the Southern province. My mother was from the so-called Karawe caste, from Panadura. My father was a Buddhist turned agnostic and my mother a Catholic of mixed religious parentage.
My full name, for the record , is Ahanagama Vithanage Mario Dayan de Silva Jayatilleka.
Dear Sir,
It is only unpatritic UNP sttoges will purposefully refrain from appreciating grartafully the yeomen services you and Pof. Rajiv are rendering biting vigorously the backs of the USA UK French, UNO, EU etc at a timr when we are amost destitutres on earth. Care not the indecent irrevelant remarks of the UNP Stooges.A rose by any name emenates the unique fragrnce it inherits. YTounare the better half of the inimitable great Merrvin Silva,Mervin Silva, we have read with levish but not had the fortunae to see,s your self.
Hi Siva,
May I remind you that a Premadasa became both the prime minister and the president of the country? So what are you talking about high cast singhalese discriminating against others?
Dear DJ
I was pondering the same question as the first commentator while reading your article.Thank you for explaining in details.
I had the opportunity to listen to your father's brief talk in R.L Michael's Journalism class at the Aquinas. That was time Mervyn De Silva was reporting to Reuters and a week after the release of the American Couple (Alan ??) kidnapped by the LTTE in Jaffna. MDS was using that incident to explain the reporting - particularly the truth.
As far as the memory goes ... RL Michael mentioned that MDS was his best man at his wedding. Am I correct ??
regards
R.Saba
Hello Dayan and Ranjan,
I will put the question to you again.Will it be possible for a LOW CASTE sinhala buddhist OR a CHRISTIAN Sinhala to become the president of Srilanka?
Will the upper caste ruling class Or the monks allow this?I just need one word answear please,(YES OR NO).
Cheers,Siva.
// So here I am ten years after and ten thousand miles away, typing. //
ok. agree that sounds nice, but only as incorrect as GOSL's facts and figures.
Google maps show the distance between colombo and geneva to be 5102.854 Miles.
With some help from your friend Jaliya, you could have easily gotten away saying "HUNDREDS of miles away".
Having achieved the unachievable in the realms of diplomacy, its time to take it to the literature and other fineries of writing. Good attempt.
For the one who said the son has "surpassed" his father, it is not where you SIT matters, but what you STAND for.
Indeed an interesting article!
Its a pleasure to know that you are much respected Mervyn De Silva's son.
I had seen you on TV long years ago when you were doing politics in East, and now pleasantly surprised to understand the service you render the country and also fond of reading what you write.
I also understand that you were close to Premadasa and to Rajapksa now, who are dangerously close to each other in wrong-doing, which you know better than us.This factor, due to some unknown reason puts me at an un-easy position.
May be people like you could help Rajapksha more, to prevent him from becoming yet another Monster like Premadasa, because signals his regime emit now are not healthy!
R.Saba,
Alan couple was kidnapped by EPRLF, not by LTTE.
Siva,
What do you know about the Late Sri lanka President Mr.Ranasinghe Preamadsa.You will find the answer for your question.
"The founder editor of the Editor’s Guild of Sri Lanka, the award instituted in his name by the industry is the pinnacle prize of the annual Journalism Awards ceremony."
Mervyn's good name has been sullied by its association with the self-serving "annual Journalism Awards" made famous by Sinha's Sunday Times...
but fortunately, Mervyn De Silva's name hasn't been sullied by his self-serving son who'd picked a more populist identity
This is an informed and balanced appraisal of one who could be best described,not as a mere journalist, but as scholar-journalist.Mervyn de Silva was widely read and always knew his brief and to every problem he discussed he also brought a well grounded realism.
One other matter that should be mentioned here is that he was great wit both in the satirical columns that he wrote and in debates,often bordering on meanness.
All in all,a colorful personalty and graceful writer.Too bad he is not around now to puncture the pomposities of the current crop of clowns who are strutting the national stage.Or,perhaps if was still around,he may be white-vanned?
Rajan Karalasingham
I was an avid reader of lanka Guardian.Mervyn was forthright in many of his columns.
As for his son only history will tell.If only Dayan stop dithering....